The communications industry has been continuously going through disruptive changes.

Gone are the days when wire-based communication systems ruled the industry. Within no

time, the revolutionary introduction of wireless communications in 2G/3G has given way

to futuristic 5G based communication systems. To remain relevant, all industries globally

are transiting to new technologies. Railway communication systems too are undergoing a

paradigm shift. Global System for Mobile Communications for Railways, once a lifeline, is

approaching extinction and will be completely taken over by 2030, by 5G based Future

Railway Mobile Communication System (FRMCS) designed by UIC, in close cooperation

with the different stakeholders from the rail sector.