Agriculture provides basic sustenance to mankind. With population explosion, the demand for food is also growing exponentially. At the same time, agriculture is a resource-intensive activity with increasing implications for the environment. Modern agriculture offers sustainable solutions with efficient farming using limited resources of water, energy, and land, yet catering to the ever increasing demand for food. Radio frequency (RF) technologies which are widely used in the defense, aerospace, and communications sectors, can play a pivotal role in providing a complete solution for modern agriculture. This white paper discusses how RF technologies can address the challenges facing modern agriculture and provides a basis for further exploration of the potential of RF technologies by R&D and data scientists.